Averse vs. Adverse

Unwilling versus Unfriendly Unwilling versus Unfriendly Unwilling versus Unfriendly By Sharon It is anything but difficult to befuddle unfriendly and unwilling however their implications are very surprising. Unfriendly methods troublesome, opposite or threatening, and can never be applied to people. You regularly hear it utilized in the term unfriendly climate conditions, an expression which is best maintained a strategic distance from for terrible climate. Opposed methods reluctant or unwilling or hesitant and is constantly trailed by the relational word to. It applies to an individual and is utilized this way: He was opposed to examining the meeting. Obviously, it would be similarly as simple to state. He didnt need to talk about the gathering. Abuse of both loath and antagonistic is probably going to sound self important. Its in every case better to keep it straightforward. The descriptor abhorrence is significantly more typical. Here are a few citations from the press to assist you with seeing those words being utilized it in setting: Be that as it may, actually, teenagers might be more hazard loath than grown-ups, another examination has found. Their eagerness to participate in unsafe conduct may have less to do with thrill-chasing as such than with a higher capacity to bear questionable results, specialists announced Monday. LA Times Numerous merger understandings contain arrangements permitting purchasers to pull back from bargains if the estimation of an exchange has been harmed by a huge turn of events. On account of the Verizon/Yahoo bargain, such a change is characterized as one that would â€Å"reasonably be relied upon to have a material antagonistic impact on the business, resources, properties, consequences of activity or budgetary state of the Business, taken as a whole.† WSJ Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Misused Words class, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to AvoidThe Letter Z Will Be Removed from the English Alphabet1,462 Basic Plot Types

The Rhetorical Triangle free essay sample

The Rhetorical Triangle I will initially characterize the explanatory triangle current there are three components of the logical triangle present day (speaker crowd circumstances) the expository triangle current has three equivalent segments that make the triangular. The speaker is an individual that is giving’s an oral message to the listeners†. (Lucas, 2008, p. 17). Character of the speaker additionally influences the crowd in component. The crowd is an individual of you your introduction or discourse. The speaker should have a relationship with the crowd realize who will be your crowd the speakers ought to acknowledges everybody’s unique and everybody’s not going to think a similar way. The circumstance segment of the introduction or discourse ought to be viewed as similarly as significant as the speaker and crowd since it additionally has a hand the triumph of the discourse or introduction if either component is deficient with regards to the introduction or discourse will fall flat. For instance when you’re working you’re working for an organization everyone has distinctive employment titles . We will compose a custom article test on The Rhetorical Triangle or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page ou will cooperate for the organization to be fruitful, for example, . The logical triangle current needs to cooperate for request to the discourse or introduction will be fruitful. The main video that I viewed it† how to replace a punctured tire step-by-step†. The speaker appeared to be certain about proficient of the subject of replacing a punctured tire. The explanatory triangle was effective in this video the speaker a quiet, the was very active show you each piece of replacing a punctured tire. Since I’m a visual student it my consideration during the video. The speaker realized his crowd would have been somebody that didn’t how to replace a punctured tire. The objective of the speaker is to show the individual that is seeing the video by replacing a punctured tire by them. The circumstance component is they can learn it myself or pay somebody to do it for them. My second video that I watched† â€Å"How to Install a Porcelain or Ceramic Tile Floor†. This video is introduced by Lowes . since it’s introduced by Lowes they will have a learned individual for the video . The component the expository triangle was effective in the video. As a result of the speaker knows whether they are watching this video they are attempting to become familiar with another art in the fledglings will comprehend and will have the option to gain proficiency with another ability. Speaker reason to show the crowd how to introduce tile flooring the circumstance is the way to figure out how to introduce floor tiling themselves or paying another person twofold the work. In the two recordings I accept the two of them educators can instruct their subjects yet one video was a superior introduction and afterward the other I feel this video was progressively effective of inscription the crowd consideration it and was extremely definite was â€Å"How to Change a Flat Tire-Change a Flat Tire Step by Step†. The subsequent video was â€Å"How to Install a Porcelain or Ceramic Tile Floor didn't tell the best way to prepare the floors before you introduce the tile. By not advising the crowd how to prepare a story to introduce the tiles is significant in light of the fact that throbbing calls menu botches in the mishap. The video â€Å"how to change a level tire† what is an incredible introduction since he truly told you By step the best way to replace a tire in detail and why you should change this part first the speaker knows about the their crowd of do it without anyone's help might want to introduce their own floors it as opposed to paying another person.

Corporate Management to Blog Visibility †Free Samples to Students

Question: Talk about the Corporate Management to Blog Visibility. Answer: Presentation: The worldwide lodging and neighborliness brand, Marriot International, is one of the most lofty and most alluring brands all around the globe. At the point when voyagers put more accentuation on upgrading their own understanding inside their stay in the lodgings, they picked the brand over others. Marriot itself is a top notch brand that gives a huge quantities of decisions for the customers from all around the globe for recreation and business travel (Wong Wickham, 2015). Marriot has been acclaimed for conveying an unparalleled visitor involvement with various worldwide goals. The association is currently giving an immense range of administrations to its customers which connote the suffering responsibility of the association of offering a more noteworthy assistance. Marriot has been viewed as the second important inn marks everywhere throughout the world in an ongoing review. The brand estimation of the Marriot brand is viewed as 5.32 USDM in the year 2016 (Huang Cai, 2015). The Mar riot International has more an incentive than most positive brands on the planet as the association has had the option to make an out of the world experience for the customers. Thinking about the size of lavish lodgings and brands, the Marriot International is equipped for dealing with the top of the line extravagance portfolio which has just been created. The Marriot additionally doesn't have the worth presenting value, as the inn brand itself is an extravagance brand which is for the most part known for the useful brands, mid level suits and so on (Liu et al., 2017). It is likewise one of the monetary business travel marks everywhere throughout the world. To the extent the Marriott-W lodging Hong Kong is thought of, this property sits at one of the higher places inside the brand. There are three layers in the brand esteem acknowledgment, imperceptible, blended and unadulterated (Lee, Oh Hsu, 2017). The undetectable layer is where the accommodation associations are holding the created brand position yet they are altogether independent. The Marriott-W lodging Hong Kong absolutely does exclude from this division as it appears to unappealing as it is by all a ccounts traded off as the majority of the autonomous extravagance brands are to be incorporated here. The blended layer is for the most part the arrangement of the sub brands or the less embraced brands; anyway the Marriott-W inn Hong Kong isn't even a piece of this layer too. In any case, the inside the unadulterated brands, the supported or the unadulterated brands are incorporated. Marriott-W lodging Hong Kong is a piece of this layer which connotes that the inn has all the useful fragments which can fabricate the brand in the worldwide market. It remains inside an enhanced portfolio over a wide scope of value focuses. The objective market is the arrangement of people or a gathering of sub-sections inside the commercial center where the association will in general recognize its essential customer base. There are a few techniques for dividing the customer base. For example, any association might need to isolate its client base based on its geographic areas, for example, urban communities, media markets or neighborhoods. The association can likewise section its customer base based on the segment division which thinks about the instruction, societies, race, age, pay of the customers (Wong Wickham, 2015). Every one of the objective market has been planned considering the administrations and items in a technique that meets the essential prerequisites of the customer base. The brand, Marriot International is an extravagance brand which structures its objective market who looks for a rich and calm spot while they are remaining the inn. These clients for the most part have a place with the high pay bunches who are generally in their 30s and they for the most part will in general travel for their business purposes. Besides these clients are refined, individualistic and generally self-characterized who will in general go through a decent measure of cash while they are going for any business reason. Subsequently the Marriot inns everywhere throughout the world are giving an exquisite and straightforward air for the customers that cause them to feel good and leisured however much as could be expected with no sort of disturbance or interruption (Lee, Oh Hsu, 2017). This brand is generally for the voyagers who need to go in extravagance. Marriott-W inn Hong Kong is additionally one of the Marriott inns that give an agreeable remain to the customers. The fancy rooms with city sees are altogether mixed with innovations including Wi-Fi, huge TVs and marble restrooms. The clients can appreciate the Hong Kong city horizon, the mountains from their rooms (Marriott, 2017). There are likewise extr a advantages, for example, open air pools, exercise center and the flawless eating experience. In this manner the Marriott-W inn Hong Kong meets all the characteristics to meet the objective customer base of the Marriot inns. Reference rundown and Bibliography Dennis, A. R., Minas, R. K., Lockwood, N. S. (2016). Mapping the corporate blogosphere: connecting crowd, substance, and the board to blog perceivability. Diary of the Association for Information Systems, 17(3), 162. Huang, Z. J., Cai, L. A. (2015). Demonstrating customer based brand value for global lodging brandsWhen has become visitors. The travel industry Management,46, 431-443. Lee, S., Oh, H., Hsu, C. H. (2017). Nation of-activity and brand pictures: proof from the Chinese lodging industry.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,29(7). Liu, M. T., Wong, I. A., Tseng, T. H., Chang, A. W. Y., Phau, I. (2017). Applying purchaser based brand value in lavish lodging branding.Journal of Business Research. Marriott. (2017). Marriott.com. Recovered 26 August 2017, from https://www.marriott.com Wong, T., Wickham, M. (2015). An assessment of Marriott's entrance into the Chinese cordiality industry: A Brand Equity point of view. The travel industry Management,48, 439-454.

Comprehensive Analysis of SWOT in Strategic Planning - 550 Words

A Comprehensive Analysis of Validity of SWOT in Strategic Planning (Term Paper Sample) Content: VALIDITY OF A SWOT IN STRATEGIC PLANNINGNameInstitution (Affiliate)DateValidity of a SWOT in Strategic PlanningEvery companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s strategic planning is an integral part of its SWOT analysis since it provides a comprehensive analysis on the perception of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s forward-looking and current situation (Mohammad Arabzad an, 2012). A comprehensive SWOT analysis strengths and weaknesses provide an inclusive analysis of a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s current position. The opportunities and the threats section assist to project challenges and the possibilities moving forward. These four sections while effectively incorporated in a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s strategic planning have vital role in enhancing performance of a company.StrengthsThe strengths of strategic planning assist a company to analyze its competitive advantage in the marketplace (Bateman Snell, 2013). The advantages form the focal point of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s strategic and operation planning. The a dvantages also create a concernment with how the company markets its products. For example, companies that have strengths related to production and manufacturing quality products often promote themselves as high quality brands. On the other hand, companies that have good bargaining power and efficient distribution system with their suppliers as strengths can be able to influence those to provide low costs to buyers.WeaknessesCompanies usually see their advantages while assessing its weaknesses and understanding them make it easier to deal with them. Companies use two approaches while dealing with weaknesses (Mohammad Arabzad an, 2012). They can either downplay the weaknesses in marketing their brands after realizing that the weaknesses are part of the overall business or seek to enhance them if the weaknesses restrict the business from implementing the strategies in order to achieve the set objectives.OpportunitiesIdentifying opportunities in a business is very critical since it ass ist a company to identify approaches that will assist it to grow (Sawant, 2010). It is therefore essential for a company to constantly review market opportunities to take advantage of the changes in marketplace or emerging market that the company has ...

Genre Analysis and Special Way of Using Language Essay

Genre analysis is an attempt to explain why members of specific discourse communities employ different and special ways of using language. Sociocultural aspects of language and existing differences among the contexts in which a language is used may, to some extent, answer this question. In addition, cognitive strategies applied by the speakers or writers may also play a role since the members of each language community use different strategies to achieve their desired goals (Bhatia, 1996). According to a definition given by Martin (1985), genres are how things get done, when language is used to accomplish them. As implicitly found in this definition, any genre analysis must be a detailed description of linguistic elementsof a specific†¦show more content†¦Negative politeness, on the other hand, is shown when a person wants to avoid intrusion, defer to someone by giving a superior form of address such as sir, apologize for something wrong she has done. Having the definition of politeness and the intended purpose of the study, the first thing to be done is to examine the particular organization of the text, the use of a particular vocabulary and the use of particular grammatical structure.That is to say that the whole linguistic materials employed in this context, which altogether make the rhetorical strategies of the context to fulfill the purpose of politeness, should also be thoroughly examined. The second thing to be investigated is to analyze the relationship between the sender of the message and its receiver. Here in the current context, the lawyer or her client (either of the accuser or the accused) is the sender of the message and the judge (or the jury) is the receiver. The kind of relationship between these individuals should also be defined. Politeness is expected to be observed from inferiors to superiors and here the receiver of the message has the authority and power to decide on behalf of the receiver. Therefore, it can be expected here that the linguistic materials used by the lawyers and her clients in the court reflect courtesy. Regarding the situational context, it is observed that sender tries to influence the receiver about the decisions being made later. OnShow MoreRelatedMedia Text Analysis Essays1168 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay is about to analyse certain media text by using particular semiotic codes. The semiology study in particular is based on theory developed by Saussure and Pierce and means study of the signs in the text. According to Saussure the ‘language is a system of signs that express ideas’ (Saussure 1915/1966 cited in Berger, 2012:7). When media analysis is made it is about to show the relationship between the signs in certain text. Pierce states that everything we do can be seen as sign. AccordingRead MoreJohn D. Arthurs s Preaching With Variety 822 Words   |  4 PagesVariety of Preaching by Jeffrey D. Arthurs Book Analysis by CH (CPT) Stephanie Handy The book that I read was entitled â€Å"Preaching with Variety† by Jeffrey D. Arthurs. It is a great resource and provided a wealth of information on various preaching styles and form. â€Å"The book describes the rhetorical dynamics of biblical genres and suggest how preachers can reproduce some of those dynamics in their sermon† (pg. 15). The content of the book consisted of illustrations, a forward, introductionRead MoreAnalysis Of Voice Lessons The Belle Epoque 1688 Words   |  7 PagesKatherine Bergeron’s book, Voice Lessons: French Mà ©lodie in the Belle Epoque, approaches French art song in a new and unique way, making it an invaluable resource for art song scholars and performers alike. Bergeron’s goals for this book are primarily abstract in nature; she aims to tell a story â€Å"about that French sound, both what it was and how it got that way† (viii). To achieve her vision, Bergeron examines the mà ©lodie through a variety of different lenses, including musical, vocal, aural, linguisticRead MoreArchetypal Literary Criticism Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesSigmund Freud, the creator of psychoanalysis, and they both analyzed the language in dreams, which are basically just symbols. Jung claimed that behind symbols lie archetypes. â€Å"We meet dragons, helpful animals, and demons; also the Wise Old Man, the animal-man, the wishing tree, the hidden treasure, the well, the cave, the walled garden, the processes and substances of transformation in alchemy, and so forth-all things which in no way touch the banalities of everyday. The reason for this is that theyRead MoreUse Of Bourdieu s Theory On A Text And Context3401 Words   |  14 Pagesdeconstruct using discourse analysis.â€Å"The Internet Advertising Bureau (IAB) is the trade association for online and mobile Ad. It promotes growth and the best practice for advertisers, agencies and media owners† (iabuk.net). With their main focus being on online advertisement, it is only fitting that the report is a reflection on how online advertisement works. Along with deconstructing the text, I will apply the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu to the analysis, using examples as a result of my analysis. IRead MorePharmacy Technicians: A Specialized Discourse Community1281 Words   |  6 Pagescommunities must meet six elements of shared criteria: commons goals, participatory mechanisms, information exchange, community specific genres, have highly specialized terminology, and members who possess a general level of expertise. For the purpose of this paper, I will analyze three of these components and observe how they function within the CPhT community. My analysis will emphasize the unique lexis that is necessary to function as a member of this community. Methodology: Insider Access and an InterviewRead MoreRudolf Gaudio s Allah Made Us1571 Words   |  7 Pagesframed as insignificant identity markers to shape cultural or sexual citizenships— are integral to both. The result is an intervention to how we understand the relationship between gendered language and non-normative identities in Northern Nigeria, and a narrative of how the political potential of language, often understood as neutral, is deeply embedded as â€Å"a medium of social participation and an object of criticism and control† (p. 8). Beyond providing a rich, vivid ethnography of ‘yan daudu,Read More‘Everyday Creativity Is Always Dialogical in Bakhtin’s Sense’.1965 Words   |  8 Pages Traditional definitions of language have often categorised creative activity in the ‘canonical’ literary uses we see in artistic works. However, contemporary definitions no longer confine creativity with language to the work of the novelist or poet. It is a well argued point that the seeds of such literary language reside in what may be described, as the mundane, practical uses of ‘everyday’ talk and writing. This shift in opinion and approach to language study may be largely attributed toRead MoreFigures of Speech in English Newspaper Headlines1249 Words   |  5 PagesI) Introduction The area of English Language and Literature Teaching (ELLT) has always been the point of attraction to the experts and teachers in English. ELLT, with its theoretical base, provides scope for practical intercourse and face-to-face interaction in the classroom. Language and Literature are considered to be the two sides of the same coin. While analyzing literature, it is necessary to consider the language of the genre as it reflects the genuine empirical fluctuations of the mindRead MoreTranslating Culture Loaded Words Of Audiovisual Translation Essay1226 Words   |  5 Pageswords of audiovisual translation and the other culture-loaded words. As a kind of special text, audiovisual translation needs the help of screen and sound. Therefore, the translators should also consider the two, when translating culture-loaded words in films and television. Once the translators choose unavailable strategies target audience or readers cannot understand the cultural information with which sourc e language audience or readers are familiar. Therefore, the writer advises that the step of

Bible - Role Of Abraham Essay - 1579 Words

Hebrew Bible Paper - Abraham nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Abraham stands as one of the most important figures in the Hebrew Bible, and is central to the understanding of Godamp;#8217;s solution to the problem of mankind. Man, the mysterious creature that God wraught as a semi-experiment, is constantly prone to believe he is self-sufficient and capable of survival without God, the central problem God must deal with in the Hebrew Bible. To solve this problem, God decides to strike fear in the heart of man and to revolutionise his lifestyle by creating laws and empowering a chosen group of people, who will spread the word of God by example. These people are the Hebrews, and Abraham is the father of their race, the man from whom all†¦show more content†¦Abram leaves his home and family, and departs into the quot;strange landquot; of Canaan, showing an extreme obedience to God and understanding of his duty to father this great race. Throughout Genesis, Abraham builds altars to God and sacrifices animals. In Gene sis 22:2, God tells Abraham, quot;Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountainsquot;. The next day, Abraham sets off for Moriah quot;and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar upon the wood. And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son.quot; After God stops the sacrifice, he tells Abraham, quot;Now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me.quot; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Abrahamamp;#8217;s continual obedience to God is central to his character and the desired character of the Hebrew people. God, in his great plan, wishes to remove the human tendency to believe only in his judgment, the pride of thinking he knows better than God. Thus, God wishes to promote the qualities of obedience and humility, to birth a nation of men who fear God and follow orders. Only in this way can people be expected to follow a moral code and adhere to laws; they must understand that there are powers beyond them that they do not always understand, but must perpetually follow.Show MoreRelatedBible - Role of Abraham1638 Words   |  7 PagesHebrew Bible Paper - Abraham Abraham stands as one of the most important figures in the Hebrew Bible, and is central to the understanding of God#8217;s solution to the problem of mankind. Man, the mysterious creature that God wraught as a semi-experiment, is constantly prone to believe he is self-sufficient and capable of survival without God, the central problem God must deal with in the Hebrew Bible. 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This extravagant Christian place of worship, located in St. Petersburg, Florida, shows the importance of religious establishments as additional resources used in teaching religion. Two of the world’s largest religions use faith-powered books, The Holy Bible and The Holy Quran, to educate members. The scriptures in these books have provided direction, spiritual guidance, andRead MoreSimilarities Between Christianity And Islam1316 Words   |  6 PagesCommon Word between Us and You Both religions make up around half of the population around the world. Islam and Christianity are collectively known as Abrahamic religions because they trace their history to the covenant God made with Abraham in the Hebrew Bible. Christianity and Islam are two of the fastest growing religions, and they both have a lot in common ideas but yet have major differences in their beliefs and practices. 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The second covenant was made four hundred fifty years later when Moses led the Jews out of slavery back to Cannan. At Mount Sinai, god gave the Jewish people the Ten Commandments to live by. These are found in their holy book, the Torah, or the first five books of the Bible. Rabbis interpret this book and present the meaningRead MoreReligious Texts- Examining the Content of the Holy Bible and the Holy Quran1621 Words   |  7 Pagesdown her shoulders interlocking with her robe below. To the righ t of the infant, a table displays a large white book with gold-tipped pages. On the cover, prominent gold letters display the words The Holy Bible. Two of the world’s largest religions use faith-powered books such as the Holy Bible and the Holy Quran, to educate their members. Scriptures in these books have provided religious history, given spiritual guidance, and established moral theologies passed down from one generation to anotherRead MoreThe View Of The Beautiful City Jerusalem1683 Words   |  7 Pagesalso known for its history of David and Abraham, two important figures in Judaism, and includes the western wall, making it the reason why it is a great focus in Judaism. Lastly, Islam’s believe it is where their prophet, Muhammed, travelled to during his night journey and where he ascended into heaven. In commemoration of Muhammed the Dome of Rock and the al-Asque mosque were built in Jerusalem. All in all, Jerusalem contains stories of Jesus, David, Abraham, Muhammed, as well as famous places ofRead MoreThe Books of the Three Major Religions in Southwest Asia691 Words   |  3 Pagesnamed Abraham is the one that started this religion. God promised Abraham to be the father of many people and to give Abraham the holy land which is now Israel. 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Cloning Essay Research Paper In Case You free essay sample

Cloning Essay, Research Paper In Case You Were Sleeping On June 22nd 1999, the universe was changed in such a extremist manner that it will neer be the same. A group of Scots scientists from the Roslin Institute did the impossible and created the universe # 8217 ; s first familial ringer, a sheep named Dolly. She was an exact reproduction of her female parent # 8217 ; s nucleic DNA, but the most unbelievable portion was that Dolly # 8217 ; s DNA came from her female parent # 8217 ; s bag, non a monoploid sex cell. What Makes This So Particular What happened with Dolly is even different from the natural procedure of twining, which creates two indistinguishable twins. Twinning is the consequence of sexual reproduction ; each giver, or # 8220 ; parent # 8221 ; , contributes one half of the fertilized egg # 8217 ; s genome. This fertilized egg so divides into two ( or more ) offprint eggs, each with an indistinguishable genome, and each of these develop into genetically indistinguishable siblings ( NCGR # 8211 ; GPI Program ) . Dolly is once more different from how bacteria reproduce of course through nonsexual reproduction ( Barth, 987 ) . Many other beings besides do this but it happens of course for them, though procedures such as binary fission and budding. Alternatively the scientists used atomic transportation engineering ( Figure 1 ) . An grownup bag cell was taken from an Ewe, and an early egg cell, called and oocyst, was taken from a different Ewe. The egg cell was stripped of it # 8217 ; s karyon and the karyon from the bag cell was joined with the usage of an electronic pulsation. The egg believes it has been fertilized and begins to turn and split like normal. It is so left to turn in a civilization dish until it becomes a blastodermic vessicle, an early embryonic province. The immature embryo is so implanted into a alternate female parent and is, if all goes good, a genetically indistinguishable Ewe ( to the bag cell # 8217 ; s DNA ) is born 5 months subsequently ( Coglhan, Andy ) . The ability to take the karyon from any life grownup mammal cell and make a new being is rather significant. Even 5 old ages ago it was believed to be impossible. The applications for this technique are huge, but so are the jobs. The Problems With every new progress we make there are complications, cloning is no exclusion. The largest job is the success factor. It took over 277 egg and bag cell mergers to hold a success with Dolly. This would be wholly unacceptable to make with many species as the gestation clip would be longer and excessively much clip and money would be invested into abortions and stillborns. Over the last three old ages other efforts have been made. A 3 % success factor was achieved when trying to clone male lab mice and is considered rather high ( Cohen, Philip ) . Many of the animate beings born from these processs, such as cattles have died in early babyhood for assorted grounds. Some have had underdeveloped immune systems and died from infections or other comparatively easy to bring around jobs. ( Cohen, Philip ) Another early job was shortened telomeres. Telomeres are the terminals of the chromosomes which are of course worn off through mitosis, hence reflecting the age of the being and possibly doing the marks of old age. However it was found that Dolly had shorter than usual telomeres, which could do premature aging. This was originally one of the biggest reverses for the research workers. However, there is beliing grounds of this though in late cloned, and still populating, cowss. Their telomeres are remarkably long when compared to those of the parent cell. No 1 has an account for this, but they are certain it has nil to make with the difference in species. ( Tenove, Chris ) It has late been discovered that Dolly, the lamb and her mother/twin sister, are non genetically indistinguishable. They have the same atomic Deoxyribonucleic acid, but their mitochondrian Deoxyribonucleic acid differs. This could do the difference between the ringer being a super-athelete or a couch murphy ( Cohen, Philip ) . The most mind boggling job is the fact that some species may be uncloneable. Experiments done with specific types of lab mice have shown that some mice with specific traits are uncloneable, but if this applies more by and large to specific species all together remains unknown, largely because of the public # 8217 ; s job with cloning ( Cohen, Philip ) . When Dolly was brought into this universe there was a assorted reaction. Some people were overjoyed, and others instantly feared the engineering. Some thought it could convey immortality, and spiritual cults thought it could make the perfect individual but many others feared this ( Cohen, Philip ) . They feared that 1000000s of # 8220 ; test-tube babes # 8221 ; would be born, and the ethical conflict was on. Three old ages later it still rages with no victor in sight, but many carbon monoxides untries have already made Torahs to forbid the usage of human embryos in cloning. Their reaction is, of class, expected. Through history people have ever feared alteration, and feared by doing adult male more godlike they would destroy life for all of us ( Bernstein, Maurice ) . The possible applications are excessively many and lifesaving for some research workers though. Applications of Cloning Even with all the barriers, ethical, scientific and otherwise physical, some research workers believe the good that can come from this engineering is worth more than all the adversities, largely from society and their ain co-workers, that they have to digest. Hogs are presently being cloned to do their variety meats more # 8220 ; human-like # 8221 ; , at least from an immune system # 8217 ; s position. Some people are alarmed by this though, as there is a opportunity of presenting viruses that affect hogs into the human population ( Cohen, Philip ) . Sheep are a premier campaigner for cloning every bit good because their variety meats, such as the lungs, are even closer to our ain than a mouse # 8217 ; s is. This would let for more efficient proving for diseases such as cystic fibrosis. Cows and other farm animate beings are already being cloned with human cistrons in order to synthesise specific proteins. Scientists hope in the hereafter to be able to pull strings the cistrons in such a manner to clone cattles that would hold thin meat, or even low-fat milk ( Wilmut, Ian ) . The ultimate application of cloning would be to clone specific organic structure parts in order to replace those destroyed by disease or physical hurt. This application is non merely the ultimate end of the research workers, it would be the holy grail of scientific discipline and possibly the Jesus to all world with such diseases as malignant neoplastic disease and AIDS on the rise. Not merely could you replace affected tissues, but you could replace them with 100 % compatible tissues that could hold been genetically enhanced to do them immune to the disease or upset. Skin is already being cloned in labs for usage in terrible burn instances. If it hadn # 8217 ; t been noticed already, this list of applications did non include making an ground forces of ace intelligent, super strong ringers to take over the universe. Although scientific discipline fiction fans would be really interested in that scenario the chance of that go oning at any clip, much less any clip shortly and without anyone noticing, is incomprehensibly little. The clip and resources would merely be far excessively much for our current province ( Bernstein, Maurice ) . The Jury is Still Out It is still far excessively early to come to decisions about how cloning will impact our society. There will be an impact left on society, that has already begun to go on, but whether it is a positive or negative impact is still unknown. It may stay this manner until a utile merchandise arises from the current experiments, such as enhanced drugs or cloned variety meats for graft or until something goes awfully incorrect, or authoritiess neer loosen Torahs that restrict the use of human tissues in experiments. Whichever comes foremost, be it good or bad, will do the most impact on how we view the potency of this fantastic engineering. Bibliography Barth, Frances. # 8220 ; Cloning. # 8221 ; The Volume Library. Nashville, Tennessee: The Southwest Company: 1989. pg. 984-1002 Bernstein, Maurice M.D. Bioethics Discussion Pages. [ web page ] 7 May 2000 ; U of Southern California. . [ accessed 8 June 2000 ] Coghlan, Andy. One little measure for a sheep. [ web page ] 1 March 1997 ; . [ accessed 9 June 2000 ] Cohen, Philip. Dolly # 8217 ; s Mixture. [ web page ] 4 September 1999 ; [ accessed 9 June 2000 ] Cohen, Philip. Double problem. [ web page ] 6 February 2000 ; [ accessed 10 June 2000 ] Cohen, Philip. Le ringer est mort. [ web page ] 18 April 1998 ; [ accessed 10 June 2000 ] Cohen, Philip. Cults eccentric vision rekindles cloning argument. [ web page ] 31 May 1997 ; [ accessed 9 June 2000 ] Cohen, Philip. Designer Donors. [ web page ] 25 March 2000 ; [ accessed 9 June 2000 ] Levine, Louise. # 8220 ; Cloning. # 8221 ; Groiler Multimedia Encyclopedia. 1999 erectile dysfunction. CD-ROM. Danbury, Connecticut: Groiler Interactive, 1998 NCGR # 8211 ; GPI Program. Genetic Cloning V Genetic Twinning. [ web page ] 7 August 1997 ; . [ accessed 9 June 2000 ] Stewart, Colin. # 8220 ; Cloning. # 8221 ; TIME Magizine. . 1997. Tenove, Chris. Forever Young. [ web page ] 6 May 2000 ; . [ accessed 10 June 2000 ] Wilmut, Ian. Potential benefits of cloning and Nuclear Transfer. [ web page ] 3 March 1998 ; Roslin Institute. [ accessed 11 June 2000 ] Figure 1 # 8211 ; The creative activity of Dolly the sheep. Note that egg and bag cell were removed months before the experiment. Picture courtesy of New Scientist

What Is Speech, Language and Communication free essay sample

Explain each of the terms speech, language, communication, speech, language and communication needs. NYMPH (1 . 1) Communication A way of sending signal/information to other people. Includes body language, facial expressions, gesture and language Communication involves: Sending information (Verbally o non verbally) Receiving Information Interpretation Understanding information Communication refers to how we interact with others: ; Language Is used to represent concepts and thoughts ; Using language In different ways; to question, clarify, describe etc. Non-verbal rules of communication; good listening, looking at people Language Structured communication with a set of symbols that are spoken written or signed. Language refers to speaking and understanding language: ; Using words to build up sentences, sentences to build up conversations and longer stretches of spoken language ; understanding and making sense of what people say. Speech Vocalizes language Speech refers to: ; Saying sounds accurately and in the right places in words ; The sounds people use to communicate words ; Speaking fluently, without hesitating, or prolonging or repeating words or sounds ; Speaking with expression with a clear voice, using pitch, volume and Intonation to purport meaning. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Speech, Language and Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Speech, language and communication needs Children with speech, language and communication needs (SELL) find It difficult to communicate with others.Some children find it hard to understand what is said to them, form words and construct sentences, find the right words to express thoughts and feelings, and understand rules for social interaction and conversation. SELL can have a lasting effect on childrens lives. Studies of children with SELL have shown that children whose language difficulties are unresolved by the time they start school are more likely to have later academic, social and emotional difficulties associated tit their language difficulty.What Is Speech, Language and By utilizations Receiving information ; Language is used to represent concepts and thoughts ; Using language in different ways; to question, clarify, describe etc. ; Non-verbal ; Using words to build up sentences, sentences to build up conversations and longer stretches of spoken language.

Salmonella Essays - Waterborne Diseases, Free Essays, Term Papers

Salmonella Essays - Waterborne Diseases, Free Essays, Term Papers Salmonella is a bacteria that can cause food-borne infection called Salmonellosis. Symptoms include sudden onset of fever, headache, diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea and sometimes vomiting. Salmonella, the name of a group of bacteria, is one of the most common causes of food poisoning, symptoms last 4-7 days and most people get better without treatment. But, Salmonella can cause more serious illness in older adults, infants, and persons with chronic diseases. Salmonella is killed by cooking and pasteurization. Salmonella is a bacteria that makes people sick. It was discovered by an American scientist named Dr. Salmon, and has been known to cause illness for over 125 years.Most people infected with Salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps between 12 and 72 hours after infection. The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days, and most individuals recover without treatment. In some cases, diarrhea may be so severe that the patient needs to be hospitalized. In these patients, the Salmonella infection may spread from the intestines to the blood stream, and then to other body sites. In these cases, Salmonella can cause death unless the person is treated promptly with antibiotics. The elderly, infants, and those with impaired immune systems are more likely to have a severe illness ################################################################################### The above green and blue one is same choose either one cause I feel 2nd one is better but longer thats why leave both. ############################################################### Outbreaks have been caused by inadequately cooked poultry and poultry products, uncooked or lightly cooked foods containing egg and egg products, raw milk and dairy products including dried milk. Foods have been contaminated with feces from infected food handlers. Salmonella infections have been caused by foods such as meat and poultry products processed or prepared with contaminated utensils or on contaminated work surfaces. Salmonella outbreaks have also been linked to raw fruits and vegetables (including sprouts) and unpasteurized milk and milk products such as raw milk cheese. Contaminated water supplies can also cause salmonella infections. Fecal-oral transmission may be the cause when diarrhea is present in infants. Out of the thousands of types of Salmonella bacteria, only about twelve make people ill, usually with gastroenteritis. A smaller number cause typhoid fever, which can be a very serious and potentially fatal disease, especially in developing countries. A sign is something the doctor can see or touch, such as a rash, while a symptom is something the patient feels, such as dizziness or headache. Salmonella-induced Gastroenteritis signs and symptoms: Stomach cramps, Bloody stools, Chills, Diarrhea, Fever, Headache, Muscle pains, Nausea, Vomiting Salmonella-induced Typhoid fever signs and symptoms: People who live in developed countries most commonly become infected when they travel abroad. The incubation period - time between becoming infected and symptoms appearing - is usually between 7 to 14 days. If Typhoid fever is left untreated symptoms develop over a course of four weeks, with additional symptoms appearing each week. The vast majority of patients respond rapidly to treatment and should not experience all the symptoms below if they receive treatment: Typhoid symptoms during week 1 A dull headache in the front of the head. A skin rash of pink spots. Abdominal pain. A progressive feeling of not being well. Constipation or diarrhea (constipation more likely with adults, diarrhea more likely with children). Mental confusion (delirium). Dry cough. A fever which usually rises to about 39-40c (103-104f) and settles there. Vomiting (more common in children). Additional typhoid symptoms during week 2 if left untreated: Swelling of the abdomen. Heart beat slows down. Additional typhoid symptoms during week 3 if left untreated: Weight loss. Loss of appetite. Exhaustion. Yellow-green watery diarrhea, which usually has a foul smell. Swelling of abdomen continues and becomes severe. Panting. Severe confusion, apathy, in some cases psychosis. 10%-15% of patients go on to develop the following life-threatening complications Internal bleeding. Rupturing or splitting of the bowel. Myocarditis (inflammation of the myocardium, the heart muscle). Multiple organ failure as the bacteria start releasing toxins. Persistent typhoid symptoms during and after week 4 If the patient receives treatment and the complications responded to treatment, he/she has a good chance of making a recovery. However, weight loss and exhaustion may persist for some months. ############################################################### The highlighted one take if you want ############################################################### Wash hands with warm soapy water for 20 seconds before and after handling poultry. Wash utensils, cutting boards, dishes, and countertops with hot soapy water after preparing each food item and before you go on to prepare

Lab5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lab5 - Essay Example The coal is received in chunk form and is then crushed into powder and blown into a burner where it combusts and produces heat of about 1000 degrees. The heat made is used to heat water into steam. The steam is then used to revolve the blades of a turbine. The turning motion then generates electricity by releasing electrons into a circuit (exp.lcc.edu). The smoke seen is coming from the plant is actually the gases of combustion e.g. carbon dioxide. According to (Edward & Grossman, 18) the two major concerns of burning coal includes pollution caused by emissions of contaminants like sulfur dioxide nitrogen oxides and mercury. To control this kind of gas pollution, the plant uses electrostatic precipitators that have electrically charged plates and wires. These are used to attract airborne contaminates as the hot air passes through it thus controlling pollution of the atmosphere (exp.lcc.edu). The cost of electricity usually depends on the number of people living in a house. My bill shows that we pay $1.50 per day for electricity. This cost can be reduced by turning off the lights when, not in use, also using energy saving light bulbs and electronics that are in good working condition in the house. The Lansing Board is a plant that supplies drinking water, fire protection and electricity to the citizens of Lansing. The board is a municipally owned utility, and it is different since it is a public utility and the customers own the system. The citizens of Lansing own the plant since they are the plant’s customers. The plant does not make any profit a quality that also makes it different from other power producing plants (lbwl.com). To conserve water, I would fix leaking faucets and use a cup when brushing teeth. A lot of water usually goes to waste when brushing since we leave the water running the whole time. Using a cup saves water that could otherwise be

Martin Luther Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Martin Luther - Essay Example Historians agree that he drew his inspiration from the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and from his Christian faith as well. Based on the principles of non-violence, he was the leader of nonviolent movement in the late 1950’s and 1960’s. As a result of his determination, he contributed immensely towards realization of equality in the United States particularly among the Africa- Americans (The King Center para 2). Martin Luther was born in January 15, 1929 and attended segregated public schools in Georgia. He was born in a Christian family; his father served as a pastor of the Ebenezer Baptist Church and his mother was a co-pastor at the same church. After high school, he attended Morehouse Georgia where he graduated with B.A degree in 1948. He then attended Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania and later on won fellowship at Crozer which enabled him to enrol in graduate doctorate in 1953 at Boston University where he received a degree in 1955. While in Boston, he met Coretta Scott whom he married and they bore two sons and two daughters together (The Nobel Prize Organization para 1). He served as the pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama from 1954. During his time as the pastor, he was a strong civil rights worker of his race. This was evidenced by the fact that he served as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored people executive committee m ember The Nobel Prize Organization para 2). Martin Luther was elected as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) president in 1957; SCLC was an organization that had been formed to provide leadership necessary for burgeoning civil rights movements (The Nobel Prize Organization para 3). In a span of eleven years (1957-1968), he travelled over six million miles and made over 2500 addresses regarding civil rights, injustice and need for action. In addition, he wrote five books and numerous articles aimed at addressing racial

Treat and Identify Bipolar disorder Essay Example for Free

Treat and Identify Bipolar disorder Essay Thesis Statement: Bipolar Disorder is a disorder that roots from the genes and upbringing of the parents with their kids. This disorder can be brought until adulthood and greatly affects the social, emotional, psychosocial life of the concerned individual. Introduction:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Over the centuries, authorities have distinguished a variety of psychological disorders, each characterized by its own set of symptoms. Hippocrates devised the first system for classifying psychological disorders, which include mania or excitement, melancholia or severe depression, phrenitis or disorganized thinking. In 1883 German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin devised the first modern classification system, combining Hippocrates categories of mania and melancholia into a disorder called Manic Depression. Today Manic Depression is called Bipolar Disorder (Hirschfeld, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A Biblical story describes how King Saul stripped off his clothes in public, exhibited alternating bouts of elation and severe depression, and eventually committed suicide. Though the story attributes his behavior to evil spirits, psychologists might attribute it to a Bipolar Disorder. A Bipolar disorder, is formerly called manic depression, is characterized by days or weeks of mania alternating with longer periods of major depression, typically separated by days or weeks of normal moods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mania, from the Greek term for â€Å"madness† is characterized by euphoria, hyperactivity, grandiose ideas, incoherent talkativeness, unrealistic, optimism and inflated self- esteem. Manics are sexually, physically and financially reckless. They may also overestimate their own abilities, perhaps leading them to make rush business deals or to leave a sedentary job to train for the Olympics. At some time in their lives, almost 1 percent of adults have a bipolar disorder, which is equally common in males and females (Spitzer et al., 2001). Discussion:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Biopsychological Viewpoint:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Mood disorders have a biological basis, apparently influenced by heredity. Identical twins have higher concordance rates for major depression and bipolar disorder. Identical twins have the same genetic inheritance; this provides evidence of a hereditary predisposition to develop mood disorders  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Some of the evidence for a hereditary basis of bipolar disorder has been provided by a study of the Amish community in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Because the Amish have a culturally and genetically isolated community, only marrying among themselves, they provide an excellent opportunity to study the influence of heredity on psychological disorders.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, there must be other mechanism for the inheritance of Bipolar Disorder because other studies of families in which Bipolar Disorder follows a hereditary pattern have failed to find a genetic marker on the eleventh chromosome. The hereditary predisposition to develop mood disorders may manifest itself by its effect on neurotransmitters. Major depression is related to abnormally low levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. Serotonin seems to moderate norepinephrine’s relationship to both mania and major depression. Mania is associated with a combination of low levels of serotonin and high levels of norepinephrine (American Psychiatric Association, 2003)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Psychoanalytic Viewpoint:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The traditional Psychoanalytic viewpoint holds that the loss of a parent or rejection by a parent in early childhood predisposes the person to experience depression whenever he or she suffers a personal loss, such as a job or a lover, late r in life. Because the Child feels it is unacceptable to express anger at the lost or rejecting parent, the child learns to turn anger on himself or herself, creating feelings of guilt and self- loathing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Behavioral Viewpoint:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Behavioral explanations pf depression stresses the role of learning and environmental factors. On of the most influential behavioral theories of depression is Peter Lewinsohn’s Reinforcement theory, which assumes that depressed people lack the social skills needed to gain normal social reinforcement from others and may, instead, provoked negative reactions from them. For example, depressed people stimulate less smiling, fewer statements of support, more unpleasant facial expressions, and more negative remarks from other than do nondepressed people (Wallace, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Humanistic Viewpoint:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Those who favor the Humanistic viewpoint attribute depression to the frustration of self- actualization. More specifically, depressed people suffer from incongruence between their actual self and their ideal self. The actual self is the person’ subjective appraisal of his or her own qualities. The ideal self is the person’s subjective judgment of the person he or she would like to become. If the actual self has qualities that are too distinct from those of the ideal self, the person becomes depressed (Wallace, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mania and the Bipolar Affective Disorders:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before considering the symptoms of mania, we must point out that few individuals who experience mania seem to avoid depression. Much more frequently an episode of mania is associated with one or more episodes of severe depression. Because of this, when one or more episodes of mania are manifested but no depressions have been present, the individual is still given a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder. A presumption is made that sometime in the future a major depressive episode will occur. That such a depressive episode will always occur (Spitzer et al., 2001).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Manic Behavior:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The typical signs of Mania involve a period when an individual is unusually elated and expansive, and often irritable when frustrated. The manic mood usually fluctuates over time. Mood   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The manic has been described as on a natural high. Mood is euphoric and cheerful. The person often feels that anything is possible if only one puts one’s mind to the task. Great plans are often made, and if these plans are disrupted by external frustration, the mood may change to one of anger and irritability (Wallace, 2000). Thought   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In a manic phase, the individual ha san overwhelmingly positive self – image. Belief in one owns abilities are boundless, and expectations of success are unrealistic. Failure is blamed on others, problems are denied and Manics often insist they have never felt better, thought clearer, or been more powerful. As the mania becomes more pronounced, there may be delusions of grandiosity: beliefs that one has special powers or talents. Hallucinations may occur, and usually consist of voices telling the person that he or she ha special mission or ability. Behavior   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In manic episode, the individual’s energy seems boundless. Often only a few hours’ sleep is required per night. The individual may be very active, planning many events, taking on new duties, developing new relationships. Vacations may be started only to be broken off so that the individual can return to work. There may be buying sprees, high risk money investments, and hyper sexuality. Behaviorally, the individual appears â€Å"supercharged†. Judgment is often impaired. Dress may become bizarre, and women may apply their makeup in unusual and odd ways, using strange colors that make them appear to be wearing war paint. A notable characteristic of manic behavior is speech that is loud and rapid, as if spewing out under some internal pressure. The manic may manifest â€Å"flight of ideas,† a continuous stream of speech may become disorganized, and the individual may be extremely distractible by environmental stimuli (American Psychiatric Association, 2003). Bipolar Affective Disorders:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When the mood swings of the Bipolar Disorder are mild, the behavior is called Cyclothymic Disorder. Major Bipolar Affective Disorder: In Bipolar disorder, mixed, the manic and depressive mood and behaviors alternate. The individual goes from one extreme to the other with periods of normal mood in between. It is obvious that a major feature of the bipolar disorder is the change from one mood extreme to another. III. Treatments:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Biological Treatments Electroconvulsive Therapy An electric current is applied to the patient’s brain in order to reduce seizures. The manifestations of the seizures are â€Å"softened† by the use of muscle- relaxant drugs; and the patient is also given a drug which results in unconsciousness to avoid the unpleasant and often frightening experience of the treatment.   ECT appears to be effective with major depressions. It lifts depression rapidly within days or weeks. This is advantageous when there is a plan for a suicide. Although it has adverse effects like significant memory impairment, which may be long lasting and also depression may recur. Drug Therapy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The use of chemical compounds to treat affective disorders is very common. The unipolar disorders are typically treated with drugs of the tricyclic class like antidepressants which increase the availability of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft. A commonly used tricyclic drug is named Elavil. Bipolar disorders are often treated with both tricyclic and lithium, depending upon whether the individual is depressed or in a manic phase. Once the individual’s mood has been changed by the chemical, the drug may continue to be taken for maintenance purposes. When an individual manifest a bipolar affective disorder and is in a depressive episode, the anti depressant drugs are sometimes used to lift the mood, but this sometimes precipitates a manic episode. The bipolar disorder is most commonly treated today through the administration of lithium carbonate. Many studies indicate that this lithium salt is highly effective in reducing the exaggerated mood of mania in about 80 percent of the persons who take it. After having been used for mania, lithium was discovered to have some utility for the depressive episodes in bipolar disorders and in recurrent unipolar disorders (Hirschfeld, 1999). The Psychological Approaches Psychological approaches o the affective disorders, including traditional psychotherapy and the cognitive and behavioral therapies, have focused on the unipolar depressions and especially on the non psychotic depressions. Dynamic Psychotherapy Treating severe depression with psychotherapy is a difficult task. Such patients rarely have enough energy to participate actively in an interpersonal interchange with a therapist. Behavior Therapy   In spite of its high incidence, bipolar disorder has received little attention from behavioral clinicians. However, if it is due to a reduction in reinforcement, one approach to the problem would be to teach a patient to engage in activities that is more self- reinforcing. Another approach is to train the individual to behave in ways that maximize the likelihood of reinforcement. Cognitive Therapy The behavior therapies mentioned involve the modification of cognitions, for example, the belief that one is helpless to change oneself or to control the environment. It focuses on modifying the erroneous, irrational cognitions held by depressed individuals. These persons have predominately negative view of themselves: they are self- blaming, exaggerate external problems, devalue themselves, and are pessimistic about their future. Cognitive therapy intervenes with this through a variety of techniques. Therapy is structured an directive, and usually short – term. The therapists used behavioral techniques, which include planning productive activities and scheduling potentially enjoyable events, to break the mania (Wallace, 2001).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   References: American Psychiatric Association, (2003). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (6th Ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Beck, A. T. Depression: Clinical, Experimental and Theoretical Aspects. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers. Hirschfeld, R. M. A., Cross, C.K. (1999).   Epidemiology of effective disorders. Psychosocial risk factors. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 35-46. Spitzer et al., (2001).   DSM-III case book: A learning companion to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th Ed). Washington, DC:   American Psychiatric Association. Wallace, E., IV. (2000). What is â€Å"truth†? Some philosophical contributions to psychiatric issues. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 137-147

Blade Running to Cyberpunk Essay -- Cyberpunk Fiction Literature Genre

Blade Running to Cyberpunk Labels are a product of too many ideas that describes a field. Cyberpunk fiction is a genre that has only recently received its due respect as an art form. This label is the cause of great controversy when it comes to actually defining cyberpunk. To any definition, there are arguments to its validity and consistency, but there are some generally accepted traits of Cyberpunk (CP). CP is a reflection of the pop-culture of the eighties, an extension of Science Fiction that entangles hard and soft technology, and its stories contain realism. The eighties began the era of the CP movement. CP's early works reflected raw, young ideas of people who "refused the limits offered them by mere custom and habit (Sterling p 3--"Cyberpunk in the Nineties)." Across the world, technology was interfacing with the general population. The underground of New York, Tokyo, and London (Sterling p xii--"Preface to Mirrorshades) was writhing with desire for release. CP was an answer to that. It integrated the rock videos, synthesized music, and new technology of the decade, put it in context with the current social scene and then fast-forwarded it. The writers tended to have disregard and even disrespect for traditional publishing. In the nineties, the edge of the movement has worn off with the acquisition of maturity and success. "Good" CP retains most of those qualities today, with minor adjustments in style, such as having finer narrative, superior character development, and more insightful futurism (Sterling)." The integration of technolog y and narration has always been present. Uneducated readers may see CP as the same thing as Science Fiction. Any Cyberpunk would beg to differ. Though CP is derived from Science Fic... ...berpunk was not visible to most of the literary public. Some of those fantastic components in Bladerunner are realistic in modern day. So many opinions exist about what is and isn't Cyberpunk Fiction. Three elements have been (generally) agreed upon to be traits of the genre. They include reflections of the pop-culture of the eighties, combining of hard and soft technology, and an element of realism. Cyberpunk is more than an extension of Science Fiction, it is a literary movement that is growing and maturing. Though it has lost some of its young rawness, Cyberpunk remains a saucy defiance to the mainstream. Sources and Bibliograpy Bruce Sterling. "Peface to Mirrorshades". New York: Ace Books, 1986 Tonya Browning. "Writing about Cyberpunk Packet" Fall 1995 Bruce Sterling "Cyberpunk in the Nineties" Larry McCaffery's Interview with William Gibson

England In the years 1067-1075 Essay

a) â€Å"How far do these sources support the view expressed in source one that, in the years 1067-1075, William had favoured conciliation in his attempts to establish peace in England?† The view of William I favoring conciliation in his attempts to establish peace, to a certain extent, do agree with a number of the sources. This is only to a degree due to events that occurred between the years 1067 and 1075 that pushed William into more brutal and violent methods of subduing the English and securing his authority over England. Sources that do agree with William I using peaceful procedures to establish peace are sources three and four. Both sources to a great extent agree with the first source. Source three depicts how appeasement established authority. The source describes the naval and land levies, proving that William favoured conciliation. William had enough trust with the English to take them to war with him, and that they would not mutiny. This trust can be linked with source four; William felt strong enough to leave England in the hands of William fitz Osbern and go to Normandy. However, did the English really have a choice? With the erection of castles, the use of cavalry, and Norman landholders, the English may have been forced to fight for him; there is little detail of the events or others before or after. Source four also agrees, for throughout the duration of the documents Lanfranc negotiates peacefully with Roger warning him of the seriousness but giving him a second chance. Lanfranc assures him, â€Å"of safe conduct†, and to â€Å"give the earl what help he can, saving his allegiance†. The source is limited due it being correspondence over just the year 1075. Before and after this date other issues may have aroused, and the letters are not written by William I but by Lanfranc1 who was a very trusted friend to William. However, though acting on the King’s behalf, of appeasement, Lanfranc would have used his own ideas and thoughts on the case. Finally, as Hereford was the son of William fitz Osbern, he could have been treated differently for his links with William I; they were friends from their childhood2. Source two and five disagree with the statement in source one. Source two is from the â€Å"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle†3; as a consequence of the invasion, William is described to have devastated Yorkshire (â€Å"Harrying of the North†) 4 – â€Å"ravaged and laid waste to the shire†. There is no implication of conciliation from William. Source two is inadequate due to it only covering one year, it does not take into account events outside of 1069. The Anglo authors of the chronicle could be biased towards the Normans, exaggerating the truth, leaving out appeasement by William I. Source five also disagrees with the statement recounting how William â€Å"ruined† Norwich, and blinded some of the traitors. The source is partial due to it covering only one date and the account of the situation is brief, and may exaggerate the Norman methods. The primary sources (source two, four, and five), overall, have an unbalanced view of William I and his tactics for establishing peace in England. The main drawback to most of the sources is the lack of facts during the years 1065 and 1075. This means that the revolts that occurred before 1069 are not mentioned. A final limitation, which I believe is the most key, is a list of rules that William I laid down when he first conquered England. The first rule was â€Å"that above all things he (William) wishes one God to be revered throughout his whole realm, one faith in Christ to be kept ever inviolate, and peace and security to be preserved between English and Normans†. William’s want, and favor towards peace is fully recognised in this statement. Foot Notes; 1. Lanfranc was, at the time, head of the new foreign bishops and abbots and also Archbishop of Canterbury. Lanfranc was unimpressed with the quality of the English clergy and during William’s reign supported his policy of promoting foreigners to high office in the Church. 2. William fitz Osbern, as a boy William I â€Å"loved him above other members of his household†. William I and William fitz Osbern were related, as fitz Osbern’s father was the grandson of Duke Richard of Normandy’s half-brother, Rodulf. Later on Roger Earl of Hereford had to forfeit his land and loose his title as Earl of Hereford. This though not brutal is not favoring conciliation by William I or Lanfranc (on William’s behalf). 3. The â€Å"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle† was for the years before and during the conquest of England the main source of evidence and information. There exist three versions: C, D and E, derived from a common source but with some differences. The chronicle supplies a uniquely English account of political events and allows us to make comparisons with the rather obvious Norman propaganda. 4. â€Å"The Harrying of the North† was in response, by William I, to the revolts occurring in the North (Yorkshire) during the years 1069-70. William had marched north with seasoned troops, devastating the countryside as they went, and slaughtering all the adult males. What his troops conflicted on the people was so terrible that chroniclers remembered it over fifty years later. In the Domesday book, made in 1086, it simply records Yorkshire as â€Å"waste† due to the brutality of William the land was depopulated, villages left deserted, farms empty, and this was fifteen years later. b) To what extent did the Revolts in the years 1069-75 aid William I to assist his Royal Authority in England? The revolts between the years 1069-75, to a great extent, aided William I to assert his royal authority across England. They provided William with the chance and excuse to use and show his military power. William was able to remove key Anglo-Saxon lords who posed a threat to him; build castles to maintain his control of the country; and it allowed him to firmly set, in the minds of the Saxons, that the Normans weren’t just invaders, like the Vikings, but conquerors of England. However, the revolts were not the only reason for William’s successful affirmation of royal authority on the country. William adopted methods of conciliation. He kept the Anglo-Saxon traditions such as sheriffs, shires, coronation rights and writs and added Norman culture and society on top to create an Anglo-Norman England. Before the revolts William was in a very exposed position. He had five thousand men to the two million Saxons, and he had no control of the North, West or East of England. Due to this vulnerability William was systematically peaceful in dealing with the Anglo-Saxons; using conciliation rather than consolidation. The revolts were essential to the change in William’s attitude towards the situation. He began to use brutal, ruthless methods to obtain his authority. The importance of the revolts depended on who was involved and the consequences of the revolt. Though there were minor revolts, when comparing them to revolts such as the Northern revolt (1069-70), they are taken into account to supply us, the historian, with a realistic overview of how dire William’s need was to obtain and retain royal authority. Rebellions began to inflame the country, in 1067 the Welsh border, lead by Eric â€Å"the Wild†, revolted in Herefordshire. Subsequently the south-west revolted in 1068, with the city of Exeter refusing to accept William as their King, and Harold Godwinson’s sons attempted a counter invasion in the summer of 1068. Between the years 1069 and 1070 the North revolted. Rebels in the North burned to death a Norman Earl, Robert of Commines, in Durham. A Viking army of 240 ships, led by the sons of Swegn Estrithsson, landed at Humber and marched on York. They gained support from the local Saxons, and they seized York. Their success produced a domino affect sparking revolts in Dorset, Cheshire, Staffordshire and Somerset. William faced the possibility of a Scandinavian Kingdom in the north of England, or a separate Kingdom for Edgar, the last prince of the Royal House of Wessex. William reacted to these revolts with characteristic vigour, skill and utter brutality. He â€Å"became the barbarous murderer of many thousands, both young and old, of that fine race of people†1. The Welsh failed to take control of the border, and retired to Wales with much booty. Exeter, in the south-west revolt of 1068, was laid under siege for 18 days, by William’s troops, by which time they accepted William as their King. Harold’s sons were repelled by William’s forces in the summer of 1068. William to counter-act this made a series of lighting raids through Warwick, Nottingham, York, Lincoln, Huntingdon and Cambridge to show his presence as the new King. In reaction to the revolts in the North, William marched North with troops from York and Nottingham, devastating the countryside, slaughtering all adult males and pillaging as he went, killing animals and burning crops. This was called the â€Å"Harrying of the North† and the destruction of the land was so terrible that when mentioned in the Domesday Book, 20 years later, it was classed as a â€Å"waste† land. From Yorkshire William pushed his men across the Tees in the winter and took Chester, and Stafford, and was back in Winchester before Easter 1070. Due to the revolts and the resulting victories for William, who had either killed or utterly suppressed the resistance, he had to enforce his power, and show that the Normans were the new rulers and would not leave. William accomplished this by first building motte-and-bailey castles across England. William began to erect them right at the start of his campaign, even before the battle of Hastings, and they were virtually unheard of in England. William built hundreds across England, to show the Norman’s strength and power over the population. This geopolitical process meant that they exerted control over the surrounding countryside. The Normans would demolish houses in the centre of towns to erect a castle. This happened in towns such as Cambridge, Lincoln and Dorchester2. These castles were, and still are, â€Å"looming features over the landscape†3. They were built in the centre of towns for economic reasons; the material or foundations of earlier fortifications (Roman/Saxon) were there already, and also it was cheaper to build on existing forts rather than building on top of a hill, having to transport supplies and food up it. Another affect of castles was their psychological affect on the Saxon population. Castles were a â€Å"conspicuous emblem of Royal authority†4, and were â€Å"clearly statements of power to the indigenous people†5. By the end of the revolts, 1075, William felt secure enough with his authority over England that he went back to Normandy and left his trusted advisor and Archbishop of Canterbury, Lanfranc in charge of the kingdom. Another factor which was opened up due to the revolts, and the success for William I, was the replacement of all the Anglo-Saxon earls. The earls were either dead from the revolts or just forced off their land. William strategically placed relatives or close friends to tenet the earldoms. For example Odo of Bayeaux, was earl of Kent and half-brother to William I. Also the new earl of Hereford, William fitz Osbern, was William’s cousin. This formed a tight, trustful network of family and friends which William could rely on. Another advantage to William of the revolts was it allowed him to fully assert royal authority on Anglo-Saxon church. William had to as, 30% of land in England was permanently owned by the church, bishops and abbots were literate, powerful men who advised the old Kings of Saxon England. If William could control the church he would be successful in his total control of England. William achieved this by removing 99% of all Saxon bishops, abbots and clergy, with Norman-French ones by 1087. William built new stone cathedrals, as a sign of domination, on top of old wooden Saxon churches. This had the same affect as the castles, showing the Norman supremacy over the Saxons. In 1070 the most powerful churchman in England, Stigand Archbishop of Canterbury, was deposed and replaced by Lanfranc, an Italian monk who was William’s greatest advisor. Three other important Saxon bishops were also removed, and also many abbots. Finally in 1072 Lanfranc gained superiority over the Archbishop of York, thus making Canterbury the chief church post in England. As Lanfranc had control over the North, this aided William with his control. In the 11th century, people were very suspicious and believed solely in the existence of God. These men of God, the bishops and abbots were trusted by the Saxon people no matter what race they were, even Norman, because of the risk it could cause them in the afterlife if they offended them. The extent of royal authority being asserted on England does not solely come from the revolts but also from William’s conciliation of the country, mainly before the revolts. Although the landscape of England had changed with the formation of castles, looming over the country and the mounted cavalry, trotting through the towns and villages, William I always governed through legal and rightful inheritance from Edward the Confessor with the use of Anglo-Saxon tools of government and traditions of kingship. When William came to the throne, December 25th 1066, he was crowned in the traditional Anglo-Saxon manner, like Edward the Confessor before. This showed his belief in tradition and proved his rightful claim to the throne. By using the ancient traditions of Anglo-Saxon kingship ceremonies alongside the unique circumstances that brought him the crown, William and his successors were able to appeal both to English customs and to the Norman sense of righteous conquest. William in the lead up to the revolts kept the country as it was, making no major changes and if any were made they would consist of a mixture of Anglo-Saxon and Norman customs. The main household after 1066 was not fundamentally changed. The only big difference in the household was that after 1066, and especially around 1087 (William I’s death) the nobles were increasingly Norman. At first William kept some Anglo-Saxons in his household, one example was Regenbald, and he was the chancellor and was in command of the Royal seal under Edward the Confessor and William I. This shows William’s desire for continuity within the government, and only adding extras on top mixing the two cultures of the Normans and the Anglo-Saxons. The earldoms at the beginning of William’s reign did not change. They remained as the four large Earldoms of East Anglia, Mercia, Wessex and Northumbria. However, around the time of the rebellions against William I (1070’s), William I granted the land to new nobles and tenants. As a result he and his two half-brothers owned 50% of England, the Church remained with around 30%, and roughly 12 barons (great lords) shared the remaining 20%. These 12 barons, basically like his half-brothers, were often related through hereditary or marriage to William. Kingship was very much affected by the character of the King on the throne at the time. So this was destined to change with the accession of William I. William I had to be physically strong, spending most of his time on the move (itinerant kingship). Also mentally strong to dominate the churchmen and the barons who all had their own ambitions and interests. With this change in kingship, William introduced a fairly new system of crown-wearing sessions. William I wore his crown and regalia where the people could see him. Three major times for this crown-wearing was Easter at Winchester, Christmas at Gloucester, and on Whitsun in Westminster. This new method and change in kingship could have been a sign of William I’s security as King. However, William I could of used crown-wearing sessions for another reason, to state his claim and right to the throne, indefinitely, upon landholders, and the barons. This would agree with his use of the coinage system set up in England before 1066. William on his coins and seals had a picture of him sitting on the throne with all his regalia, on one side, and on the other him on a horse with a sword; William is declaring his claim to the throne, by right, and if that is not enough by force and bloodshed. William changed the iconography of kingship to add strength to his kingship. The chancery of pre-1066 was only slightly revolutionised. After 1066 the clerks, who wrote up the laws and grants began to progressively, under William, write the laws in Latin. Latin was the language of authority, the Norman nobles and the officials wrote in Latin. This language of power was fully founded around 1070. The use of clerks was not new to England. William I only adapted them to his cultural needs and desires. Also Latin was not known throughout the greater population. This causes supremacy over the plebs on the land, and dominates their lives. Sheriffs were the King’s official in a shire. These officials had been around before William. William I did not have sheriffs back in Normandy, and found them to be very useful. After the rebellions around the 1070’s, sheriffs were increasingly Norman (as were the earls and bishops). The powers of the sheriffs increased hugely, and they were often in charge of royal castles (castellans) as well. Most Norman sheriffs were aristocrats who had much more wealth and power than the previous Anglo-Saxon sheriffs. A final instrument used by William I to completely assert his authority on the country was the production of the Domesday Book6. This book allowed the King to find out who had what and who owed what, twenty years after his seizure of the kingdom. The Domesday Book also shows us how sophisticated the Anglo-Saxon government was before the Normans. Without the shires, hundreds and sheriffs this type of â€Å"census† would have been near impossible to make. The Domesday Book is a record of a conquered kingdom, but it is a testament to the survival of the Anglo-Saxon government in many aspects. William I was aided by the revolts (1069-75) to a great extent. The revolts changed the King from conciliation to consolidation. However, the revolts, the castle building, the revolutionary change of the earldoms and the church, came, all, after the revolts. A new set of values had been introduced into England; these were based upon loyalty and military service. The government of the new king was based upon the traditional procedures and customs of Edward the Confessor but was enforced with a savage energy inspired by, mainly, the revolts between the years 1069-75. Foot Notes; 1. William the Conqueror’s deathbed confession, from Orderic Vitalis â€Å"The Ecclesiastical History† written 1123-41. 2. Cambridge (27 houses were demolished), Gloucester (16 houses demolished), Lincoln (166 houses demolished), and in Dorchester (an area of 150,000 square metres was taken up). 3. Article in History Today, Volume 53, Issue 4. 4. Article in History Today, Volume 53, Issue 4. 5. Article in History Today, Volume 53, Issue 4. 6. The Domesday Book was written in 1086, and was so-called due to its verdicts being just as unanswerable as the Book of the Day of Judgment. It was written in Latin, on parchment and includes 13,400 place names on 888 pages. No other country in the world produced such a detailed historical record at such an early date.

My Impressions From Edgar Poes Work - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 411 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: Romanticism Essay Did you like this example? In english class this semester we read a few romantic literaries, One that I enjoyed very much was Eleonora by Edgar Allan Poe. He was considered one of the most important influenced american writers of his time. I thought the meaning behind his short story Eleonora, is that itrs OK to break a vow of eternal love. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "My Impressions From Edgar Poes Work" essay for you Create order This story is all about concern and is an emotional importance to the writer. The short story Eleonora is quite easy to comprehend. The writer tries to think back to past moments in his life. A very important time was when he related to the death of his beloved cousin Eleonora. Another time he relates with his marriage to Ermengarde, his heart break of fond memories. In the beginning the writer remembers all the amazing times he spent with his cousin and first love Eleonora, whom he was about to marry before she passed. This was an important moment of heartfelt love, the writer promises to Eleonora that even after her death he would remain by her side. By giving a vow to remaining loyal to the memory of their love he wouldnt marry. and offered up a vow, to herself and to Heaven, that I would never bind myself in marriage to any daughter of Earth . (Poe) This ends one chapter of his life, with the vow and death of his great beloved Eleonora. In the next stage of the writers life, having been distraught by the sadness of his life without his beloved Eleonora, the writer stumbles upon another daughter of earth Ermengarde. The writer experiences mental conflict when he fell under the charm of Ermengarde. He chose to break his promise to Eleonora. The writer expressed how he fell in love with Ermengarde and that he believed Eleonora was okay with his broken promise to love somebody else. Edgar Allan Poe was an important author in his time. His short story of sad heartbreak that many could feel while reading. The author put his readers in his own shoes. He introduced us to his life in two scenes the first, when he lived in the Valley of the Many-Coloured Grass and the second when he lived in the city. Showing us his that sometimes its easy to find love but harder to fall out of love. Even after he moved on from Eleonora I believe because that he still dearly thought of Eleonora even when he found his second love Ermengarde